This program covers multiple basic theories and applied disciplines, such as Igneous Petrology, Sedimentary Petrology, Metamorphic Petrology, Structural Mineralogy, Genetic Mineralogy, Gem Mineralogy, Mineral-Rock Materials Science and Technology, Rock-Mineral Informatics, Ore Deposit Geology and Disaster Geology. Ore Deposit Geology is the study of mineralization and prospecting direction of various metal mineral deposits, especially the roles of fluids, magmatism and metamorphism during collisional mountain-building processes in mineralization and reservoir formation. Sedimentary Petrology is the study of geological forming conditions of sedimentary rocks in geologic history, petrology of sedimentary rocks, sedimentary environment and facies, and sedimentary geochemistry and aims to reconstruct paleogeographic and sedimentary geochemical backgrounds, and uncover paleogeographic evolution. In recent years, emphasis is placed on the study of the role of diagenesis of sedimentary rocks in reconstruction of oil and gas reservoir, epidiagenesis (weathering) model and weathering crust reservoir, hydrocarbon-generation kinetics, coal-rock structure and its bacteria degradation. Metamorphic Petrology is the study of petrography of metamorphic rocks, temperature-pressure conditions for metamorphism, isotopes and elements variation during metamorphism, and relationship between metamorphism and crustal evolution. In recent years, main focuses are on the ultra-high pressure (UHP) metamorphic belts (a hot topic in recent years) of the orogens of Southwest Tianshan, North Qilian and North Qaidam, the medium-low pressure metamorphic belt of Altaid from Northwestern China, thermodynamic modeling in metamorphic processes, and Precambrian metamorphism. Igneous Petrology is the study of petrography and geochemistry of igneous rocks and related crust-mantle evolutional processes. Mineralogy is the study of mineral crystal structures, composition and genesis, and variations of clay mineral from diagenesis to very low grade metamorphic conditions by employing X-ray diffractometer.